Analyzing Aristotle Essay

The spirit and the body are various structures. While the body is noticeable and mortal, the spirit is imperceptible and unfading. He proposes that despite the fact that the body kicks the bucket and rots, the spirit keeps on existing. I do accept there is eternal life, everybody should inevitably kick the bucket, and it can't be maintained a strategic distance from. Be that as it may, despite the fact that demise is an unavoidable truth, it is a subject that numerous individuals incline toward not to discuss. This evasion of conversation is ordinarily because of the forswearing of one’s own passing and the refusal is generally because of dread. The dread is, for some individuals, a dread of the obscure. As I would like to think I accept that when people pass on, the body and the cerebrum kicks the bucket, yet the brain despite everything exists and it makes our existence in the wake of death as per our own convictions and desires. On the off chance that an individual accepts there in nothing after death, at that point there won't be a fantasy, it will be as though the individual is sleeping perpetually without dreaming. 2) Yes, I concur that the universe is deliberate. The reason for the creation, each however you have is making your tomorrow. The universe has puzzling methods of rotating what we do step by step. For instance Karma: The aggregate of a person’s activities in this and past realities, saw as choosing their destiny throughout everyday life. †Aristotle stated: â€Å"Yet there is God, however not maybe the straightforward and human god brought about by the pardonable humanoid attribution of the pre-adult psyche. † Aristotle speaks to God as reluctant soul. A somewhat secretive soul; for Aristotle God’s sits idle; he has no wants, no will, no reason; he is action so unadulterated that he never acts. He is totally great; along these lines can't want anything; hence He sits idle. His lone occupation is to think about the pith of things; and since He himself is the embodiment of all things, the type everything being equal, his sole business is simply the thought.

Falling in Love

Beginning to look all starry eyed at â€Å"Hey, hellooo, man what's going on with you? You have been acting peculiar recently and I think it has something to do with you beginning to look all starry eyed at. † Nicole said. â€Å"Yea, beginning to look all starry eyed at has some peculiar consequences for me. † Kendall reacted. The two young ladies keep on gabbing about the impacts of beginning to look all starry eyed at. Experiencing passionate feelings for can have an assortment of obliterating and pleasant impacts, for example, consistently have a partner, getting a significant increment in confidence, and last yet no least losing concentration in school and schoolwork.One of the most tranquil impacts of beginning to look all starry eyed at is continually having a buddy. My companion Kendall used to feel forlorn constantly. You see she was the just one in our coterie that still couldn't seem to encounter becoming hopelessly enamored with somebody. The entirety of that changed the day she went gaga for her now permant sweetheart. Presently Kendall never feels desolate. For instance, each and every day Kendall’s darling stops by her home just to invest a little energy with her. Kendall is presently enamored and not a solitary day passes by that Kendal even contemplates being lonely.When I at long last begin to look all starry eyed at I would like to resemble Kendall and have an incredible impact of experiencing passionate feelings for like having a friend. â€Å"Man, do you realize that I got a D-in Mr. Merjetski’s class? I proceeded to get some information about it and he disclosed to me that on the off chance that I wasn’t so bustling experiencing passionate feelings for you and got occupied with my homework that I could’ve and would’ve improved. † Falling in affection now and again can have a negative impact, for example, losing center in school and your homework. A couple of my companions are infatuate d and their homework is beginning to become affected.They invest the greater part of their group energy concentrating on their sweethearts rather than their homework. Measurements show that when a secondary school young person is infatuated that their evaluations in school appear to drop. Experiencing passionate feelings for takes a great deal of center and most adolescents lose center in school just to concentrate on beginning to look all starry eyed at. Confidence is sense of pride. The word reference characterizes confidence as trust in your own legitimacy as a distinctive individual. Beginning to look all starry eyed at can have a hopeful impact like getting a significant increment in self-esteem.Most of my companions that are becoming hopelessly enamored or have begun to look all starry eyed at are presently increasingly sure about themselves. For instance, Rachael had almost no to none confidence. At the point when she began to look all starry eyed at her present darling he pr aised her ordinarily for various stuff. He commended her hair, style, and one time he even praised the shade of the nail clean she had on. Subsequent to getting every one of those commendations Rachael’s certainty of herself gradually started to development. Like a large portion of my companions in the wake of beginning to look all starry eyed at my certainty also started to intensify.Falling in adoration can be a fantastic involvement in incredible impacts like getting an increase in confidence, and having a partner. With each great there comes a terrible. Becoming hopelessly enamored can have some disagreeable impacts, for example, losing center around school and homework. These are the three impacts that my companions have involvement with beginning to look all starry eyed at. So my recommendation to you is to begin to look all starry eyed at, and experience it similarly as my companions have. Despite the fact that becoming hopelessly enamored has its high points and low p oints it is as yet worth a shot.

Behaviors That Can Make Addicts Dangerous

Behaviors That Can Make Addicts Dangerous September 23, 2019 Dave and Les Jacobs/Getty Images More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Overcoming Addiction Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Finding out someone has an addiction can be a shock for many friends and relatives. But if the addiction has taken hold of your partner, teenage child, or someone else you live with, you may also be wondering whether there are any dangers the addict might bring to yourself and your loved ones. In How to Spot a Dangerous Man, a self-help book for women who tend to be attracted to abusive men, the addict is presented as one of eight types of a dangerous man. Book Review: How to Spot a Dangerous Man Before You Get Involved Alcohol and drug addicts as well as those hooked on a range of behavioral addictions,  including sex addiction, food addiction, problem gambling, and even achievement, approval, thrill-seeking, and religion, are listed as dangerous men. In addition, many of the other categories of dangerous men overlap with the addict, including the mentally ill man, the abusive or violent man, and the emotionally unavailable man.  Although this book is about dangerous men and more men than women are statistically identified as having addictions, women and children can, of course, develop addictions and be dangerous. Certain Behaviors Make Addicts Dangerous Although having an addiction doesnt make you dangerous automatically, there are several ways that dangers to other people can occur. Whether or not an addict is dangerous depends on many factors, including the severity of the addiction, the effects of the drug or behavior itself, their underlying mental and physical health, their life circumstances, and whether they perceive any threats to themselves  or their access to their addictive substance or behavior. When people ask whether addicts are dangerous, they are usually worried about the threat of violence. Overall, the risk of violence is higher in people with addictions, and in particular, when the addiction is to psychoactive substances that lower impulse control, impair judgment, and cause the person to lose their grip on reality. Alcohol, meth, and cocaine are among the most risky substances. Children, the elderly and people living with a disability are particularly at risk for violence and abuse. Vulnerable individuals should never be left in the care of a person who is under the influence of these substances. Other dangers include the risk of theftâ€"anything from stealing cash and possessions to emptying your bank account to cover the cost of drugs, gambling, and even shopping addiction,  and sexual abuse, which is perpetrated more frequently by people under the influence of alcohol or drugs, or by sex addicts. You or your loved ones could also be traumatized by being exposed to self-harm, finding the addict sick or  unconscious from an overdose, or being harassed by debtors or drug dealers. Although trust is important in relationships, secrecy and lying are common among addicts, so err on the side of caution if you are at all uncertain of what their addiction involves. Rebuilding trust takes time and effort, and the first step is for the addict to acknowledge he or she has a problem and needs help. If they are unable or unwilling to enter treatment, it is important to set boundaries to protect yourself and your loved ones. How to Set Healthy Boundaries With a Love One Dealing With Addiction

Music Is The Most Influential Real Life Application Of...

Music is an ancient and universal practice regarded as a form of expression and emotional communication (Levitin Tirovolas, 2009). It is therefore assumed a degree of musicianship is biologically guaranteed in humans; we are likely to either actively participate in the production of music or passively listen to it (Wilson, 1987). Music psychology aims to explain musical behaviour through the understanding of various cognitive processes including perception, performance and memory (Tan, Pfordresher Harrà ©, 2010). The increasing fascination with the relatively new branch of science has generated the question as to whether studying music psychology is useful. It is still very early in terms of its testing and impact to make broad statements, however, it does appear to provide therapeutic support for patients with various disorders (Wan, Rà ¼ber, Hohmann Schlaug, 2010) and has had a considerable impact on musical memory (Ueda, Suzukamo, Sato Izumi, 2013). Music therapy is arguably the most prominent real-life application of music psychology. Through the use of music, the expressive therapy aims to improve the quality of life in a variety of clients by stabilising moods, boosting confidence and improving self-expression (Choi, Lee Lim, 2008). Music therapy can take two forms: active and receptive. Active therapy refers to the creative and expressive situation in which patients participate in making music. In contrast, receptive therapy refers to a more peaceful settingShow MoreRelatedReporting Studying senior social science subjects was the most influential factor which provided a1600 Words   |  7 PagesReporting Studying senior social science subjects was the most influential factor which provided a wonderful opportunity to discover my abilities and develop skills and confidence in critical thinking and systematic research processes. 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A life-size Barbie doll would be 7’2,† with bust, waist, and hip measurements of 40-22-36, respectively. A woman of these measurements would have to walk on all fours to balance her disproportionate body. Considering that Barbie’s physical characteristicsRead MorePsychology Ncert Book 1 Chapter Notes11190 Words   |  45 Pages Psy What is Psychology? After reading this chapter, you would be able to †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ understand the nature and role of psychology in understanding mind and behaviour, state the growth of the discipline, know the different fields of psychology, its relationship with other disciplines, and professions, and appreciate the value of psychology in daily life to help you understand yourself and others better. Contents Introduction What is Psychology? 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Choreographer Busby Berkeley’s Contributions to Film...

Choreographer Busby Berkeley’s Contributions to Film Berkeley’s creations were not meant to focus on dance. He envisioned an overall moving pattern, which he created by using moving bodies. He made the art of choreography a technique of design and visual mathematics, and combined this with his knowledge of film to bring his vision to life on the big screen. The skill of this multi-talented man brought Hollywood musicals to their full potential, creating a high demand for dance in films. William Berkeley Enos was born November 29, 1895, in Los Angeles. He began his career as a choreographer in 1918 as a lieutenant in the army. Conducting and directing parades. He gained the ability to work with large masses of moving bodies to†¦show more content†¦His camera was said to have done the dancing. It was not the individual dancers, but his quick editing cuts, multiple angles and shots, and special effects that created the brilliant movement. Possibly Berkeley’s most memorable filming technique is his use of overhead angles. He even would drill holes in the ceilings of the studios so that he could make these shots possible. That is how he created his kaleidoscopic patterns that he was well known for. One of Berkeley’s greatest displays of choreography is the production of 42nd Street. With the popularity of musical films decreasing around 1932, Warner Brothers decided they needed a real spectacle to save the genre. They brought in Busby Berkeley to create it. It was a smash hit, and so Berkeley was given an impressive seven year contract. Between 1933 to 1937, Berkeley created the dance sequences for almost every successful musical Warner Bros. released. Some of his most well known productions were Footlight Parade(1933), Dames(1934), his extravagant use of 150 dancers in â€Å"Lullaby of Broadway† in the film Gold Diggers of 1935, Babes in Arms(1939), and his last film Take Me Out to the Ballgame(1949). The life of this genius came to a sad ending. Throughout his life, Berkeley drank a lot. He also loved his mother more dearly than anyone else in the world. The combination of these loves almost drove him to insanity. After an accident caused by his drunk driving that resulted in the death of

Administrative and Politics Dichotomy Free Essays

For many years, the political-administrative dichotomy has been one of the most disputed theories of public administration. Despite serious debates and critiques, the differences between politics and public administration have been present over the past decades. The question still remains today whether or not politics and public administration can work together for one common good-to serve the people for which hey govern. We will write a custom essay sample on Administrative and Politics Dichotomy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Today, politics and administration are linked in many ways. A few examples are: administrators initiate policy, administrative acts have political consequences, and administrators shape policy after the fact and civil servants are not politically neutral. Skelley, B. D. (2008) Another aspect of the administrative-political divide is the philosophical ideals in the western culture of the Greek civic-culture (political) and political-administrative relationship has been an important question for over a century now. Skelley, B. D. 008) Woodrow Wilson, in his article â€Å"The Study of Administration† (1887), wrote of how to position public administration in relation to politics. His idea is the forefront to which the idea that public administration is somehow distinct from politics. Public administration is supposed to be the instrument used or the delivery vehicle for translating policies into action, while politics is about making the policies. Demir, T. Nyhan, R. (2008) The d ichotomy is still influencing public administration due to numerous public administrators are laiming neutrality from political influences. Neutrality refers to the ability to do government work, do it to the standard that has been set, rather than to one’s own standard or for other loyalties or personal gain. How to cite Administrative and Politics Dichotomy, Papers

Impact Iof Corporate Universities Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Impact Iof Corporate Universities. Answer: Introduction: Due to the globalization of the businesses, the corporate universities saw a massive rise in the 21st century. The main objective of the corporate university is to provide assistance to the parent organization in terms of employees and these organizations tries to focus on the skills and learning as well as knowledge of the individuals so that they are able to cope with the work culture of the parent organizations (Tuchman, 2009). There were only about 400 corporate universities in the whole world in the 1993 which has increased to 2000 in the year 2001. This particular assignment will focus upon the impact of corporate universities on the stakeholders of the organization and what impact these universities have on the parent organization. It will also be distinguished that what are the differences that the corporate universities have in the education than that of the traditional universities. Main Body: Corporate university is a term which has been used since long time back and they are also known as the human resource engine for the organizations (Giroux, 2009). The corporate universities with the help of managing the talents, skills and knowledge of an individual provides human resource supply to the parent organization which helps the parent company to cope with the competitive environment in globally. There are many such companies which have corporate universities nowadays and they try to cope with the competitive business world with the help of their corporate universities which train talented individuals and develop their skills that are necessary for the organization. Apple is one such organization which uses their own corporate university to nurture the talents and develop the skills of the individuals in order to cope with the market demand of the customers (Teece, 2012). Steve Jobs, a few days before he passed away, understood the importance of the corporate university and established it in order to make the Apple a more innovative company in the technology world. The corporate university which was established by Steve Jobs also holds the main culture of Apple, which is to think different on every aspects of the business (Guynn, 2011). The university that was established by Jobs, is believed to be the strategic empowerment of the organization and for that reason, the University of Apple not only provides courses to the individuals but also provides practical knowledge application in every aspects of the company. As Apple is a very less spender on the personal advertisement, they invest more and more in their corporate university so that the tal ents are developed in the way they want for the organization and are able to contribute towards the betterment of the organization and be innovative in every aspect. Located in Cupertino in California, the Apple University provides training to the candidates and individuals in a way that can help the company to attain their strategic objectives of the organization (Dormehl, 2012). But it can be said that, Apple is not the only organization that have their university in the world. There are various other organizations that have their own university, for instance another smart phone brand Motorola also have their own university which nurtures the talents from all over the world so that they can be provided training and can be adapted by the business (Altbach, 2015). The training is provided with the objective that the employees are able to learn the way the organization works and able to contribute to the organization with their way of working. The Motorola Centre of Education started back in the year 1979 and they believe tin the fact that providing training to the talents is not a cost to the organization but rather an investment on the part of the organization. Motorola Centre of Education gained the status of a University in the year 1989 and the mission of Motorola University is to view the world as an improved place where money can be made (Marquardt, 2011 ). The main objective of the Motorola University is to offer education to the individuals and operate very different from the regular train9ing institutions. It is also an objective of Motorola to be an autonomous university with a separate board of theirs from that of the Government and it is also a fact that the university also tries to re-characterize the responsibilities of the employees. The responsibility with which the university is formed is to help the organization link their strategy with the individuals of the university (Wang et al., 2010). The corporate university of Motorola also helps the parent organization to reduce the cost of recruitment from outside the organization. The curriculum and the courses that are taught to the candidates of the organization are also designed similar to what the employees needs to perform in the organization. The business related topics are taught to the individuals of the university and it also offers various kinds of training sessions like marketing and sales, engineering and manufacturing and thus Motorola Centre of Education helps the company to cope with the demand of the human resource without extra hiring cost. Now apart from the corporate universities in the technological world, the fast food industry giants, McDonalds also have their own university which goes by the name of Hamburger University. There are various courses that are offer to the candidates of the McDonalds Hamburger University and some of them include the consistency in the procedures of operations which should be maintained by the employees of McDonalds (Kincheloe, 2011). The operational procedures are also taught to the employees along with how to provide excellent services to the customers of the organization. Hamburger University students are also taught how to maintain cleanliness and hygiene along with maintenance of quality of the product. Training and development of leadership among the future McDonalds employees is the main objective of the Hamburger University. McDonalds university earlier chairman Fred Turner has made the foundation of the Hamburger University back in the year 1961 and in the first class; there we re 15 students who graduated from the university. Each year, of about 7,500 students now graduate from the university and helps the organization to meet their objectives (Jauhari and Thomas, 2013). Hamburger University also helps to meet the human resource need of the organization by providing the organization human resource whenever they need. Now while comparing the traditional university with the corporate university, it has been found that the corporate university education helps the organizations to nurture the talents and make them talented as they need but in the traditional approach, the overall education is provided to the individuals and not any industry or organization specific. There are various other differences as well as pros and cons of both forms of universities which are discussed below from the perspective of an employee: Traditional University Corporate University In the traditional university it can be said that it helps to improve the performance of the individuals (Rolfe, 2013). But, the corporate universities help to improve the individual performance as well as the performance of the organization to which it belongs. The traditional universities do not train the individuals to be specific towards a certain job but helps individuals to train in a way that they can work in every organization in every industry. Corporate university training is provided to the students so that the individuals are able to adapt according to the specific organization culture to which the corporate university belongs (Allen, 2013). In the traditional universities, the teachers are the professors of various streams who provide educational knowledge to the students. But in the corporate university the individuals are trained with the help of the managers, private or else public research centres and so on. In the traditional universities the knowledge that id provided to the individuals are more theoretical (Ryan, 2007). While, there are more practical illustrations to the students of the corporate university in order to make them cope with the practical business world. Apart from the difference form that of the traditional universities; the corporate universities are in a way advantageous to the society which can be described with the points that are cited below: Strategic coalition with the goals of the company: The corporate universities that are the best in nature are always driven by the strategic alignment of their goals with that of the mission of the parent company (Washburn, 2011). With the help of the corporate university, the specific objectives of the business are achieved and thus it is one of the main advantages for the business that have their own corporate university. Recruitment, engagement and retention: With the help of the corporate universities, the organizations are able to recruit the best talents that can support the activity of their organization. The best talents are recruited by the organization as well as they are engaged in the organizational activities when their training is complete. The organization also tries to retain them due to the investment they incurred in training each employee is huge. Quality consistency: With the help of the training that is provided to the individuals of the corporate university, the consistency in the quality can be achieved by the organizations (Wheeler, 2012). The employees in the universities are taught that how they can be consistent in their work, more than anything else. Apart from the advantages, there are also various disadvantages of the corporate universities: Firstly, some organizations provide corporate training in their universities with only theoretical knowledge and for that reason, the practical knowledge of the individuals remains zero and due to that, the individuals are more casual in performing their task which can go very wrong and hamper the reputation of the organization. Secondly, the corporate university also adds to the expenses of the organization and sometimes when the university students are not successful in playing their part in the organization, the company suffers a loss as a result (McAteer and Pino, 2011). So, from the above analysis, it can be said that the corporate universities have various pros and cons. But definitely, the pros that the corporate university have weigh more than the cons of the university and for that reason; the corporate university can be suggested as a suited option for the human resource development option for an organization. In the recent years, the corporate universities has become one of the main sources of human resource in the organizations that have their own corporate universities and also the employees are trained well with the help of the corporate universities so they are capable of performing the operations of the organization. The employees who get theoretical training in the traditional universities face problems to cope with the operations of the organizations but the corporate universities helps to cope with the problems of the organization to the individuals trained in the corporate universities with the help of the practical knowledge they are infused with (Weinberg and Graham-Smith, 2012). The organization can also get continuous supply of employees from their corporate university which ensures that there will be no shortage of employees when the organizations need them. Also with the help of the corporate universities, the cost of the organization for the external recruitment is reduced. When the organization has to do external recruitment, the cost of the organization increases but while having a corporate university, the demand for the human resource can be met whenever the organization wants. The most important function of the corporate university is that it helps the human resource department of the company to align with the corporate mission of the company and thus helps in achieving the company objective (Clinton et al., 2009). So, it can be said that the corporate universities can be recommended as an option for the company which can help in the development of human resource and also can help to meet the objecti ve of the company for the employees whenever the company will need. Conclusion: From the above discussion, it can be said that the businesses that have their own corporate universities are able to function better in the competitive environment of the industry and also performs better than their competitors. It is a fact that the corporate universities meet the demand for the company human resource and also diminishes the cost of the recruitment of the company and thus helps the company to achieve their objective by aligning the corporate goals with the human resource department (Gilbert, 2013). References: Tuchman, G., 2009. Wannabe U: Inside the corporate university. University of Chicago Press. Giroux, H.A., 2009. Democracys nemesis: The rise of the corporate university. Cultural Studies Critical Methodologies. Teece, D.J., 2012. Dynamic capabilities: Routines versus entrepreneurial action. Journal of Management Studies, 49(8), pp.1395-1401. Guynn, J., 2011. Steve Jobs virtual DNA to be fostered in Apple University. Los Angeles Times. Dormehl, L., 2012. The Apple Revolution: Steve Jobs, the counter culture and how the crazy ones took over the world. Random House. Altbach, P., 2015. The rise of the pseudouniversities. International Higher Education, (25). Marquardt, M.J., 2011. Building the learning organization: Mastering the five elements for corporate learning. Hachette UK. Wang, G.G., Li, J., Qiao, X. and Sun, J.Y., 2010. Understanding the Corporate University phenomenon: a human capital theory perspective. International Journal of Human Resources Development and Management, 10(2), pp.182-204. Kincheloe, J.L., 2011. Mcdonalds, Power, and Children. In Key works in critical pedagogy (pp. 155-170). SensePublishers. Jauhari, V. and Thomas, R., 2013. Developing effective university-industry partnerships: an introduction. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 5(3), pp.238-243. Rolfe, G., 2013. The university in dissent: Scholarship in the corporate university. Routledge. Allen, M. ed., 2007. The next generation of corporate universities: Innovative approaches for developing people and expanding organizational capabilities. John Wiley Sons. Ryan, L., 2007. Developing a qualitative understanding of university-corporate education partnerships. Management Decision, 45(2), pp.153-160. Washburn, J., 2011. Academic freedom and the corporate university. Academe, 97(1), p.8. Wheeler, K., 2012. The corporate university workbook: Launching the 21st century learning organization. John Wiley Sons. McAteer, P. and Pino, M., 2011. The business case for creating a corporate university. VP Research Corporate University Xchange. Weinberg, A.M. and Graham-Smith, G., 2012. Collegiality: can it survive the corporate university? 1. Social Dynamics, 38(1), pp.68-86. Clinton, M.S., Merritt, K.L. and Murray, S.R., 2009. Using corporate universities to failitate knowledge transfer and achieve competitive advantage: An exploratory model based on media richness and type of knowledge to be transferred. International Journal of Knowledge Management (IJKM), 5(4), pp.43-59. Gilbert, D.A., 2013. The generation of public intellectuals: Corporate universities, graduate employees and the academic labor movement. Labor Studies Journal, 38(1), pp.32-46.

Chapter 19 History BLAH Flashcard

Chapter 19 History BLAH

Free Essays on Aristotles Theory Of The Function Of Man

Function of Man Aristotle’s theory of â€Å"the function† is that all things, whether living or dead, have a specific function which they are designed to carry out, or preform. The good of something not only depends upon what that function is, but on how well that function is done. This is shown when he states, â€Å" ...the good and the well is thought to reside in the function...† (Darwall, 8). Man, he argues, has a function that is unique and that sets him apart from any other animal or plant. In general, the function of man has to do with his intellect or reasoning capabilities, because the ability to think, and fulfil his social and political functions. â€Å"There remains, then, an active life of the element that has a rational principle; of this, one part has such a principle in the sense of being obedient to one, the other in the sense of possessing one and exercising thought† (Darwall, 8 - 9). He implies that the ultimate good of man should be apparent when he p reforms his function well. â€Å"...and we state the function of man to be a certain kind of life, and this to be an activity or actions of the soul implying a rational principle, and the function of a good man to be the good and noble performance of these, and if any action is well performed when it is performed in accordance with the appropriate excellence: ...human good turns out to be activity of soul exhibiting excellence, and if there are more than one excellence, in accordance with the best and most complete† (Darwall, 9). A function is an activity that is reason-based, and is something that a thing is fitted to do, or used for. To find out what kind of thing a human being is, we must first know what the function of that human is.(Class notes 1/13/04). Aristotle is saying that the function of man is ultimately something that he is able to do very well, which in turn serves his community. â€Å"...since man is born for citizenship† (Darwall, 8). Choosing to... Free Essays on Aristotle's Theory Of The Function Of Man Free Essays on Aristotle's Theory Of The Function Of Man Function of Man Aristotle’s theory of â€Å"the function† is that all things, whether living or dead, have a specific function which they are designed to carry out, or preform. The good of something not only depends upon what that function is, but on how well that function is done. This is shown when he states, â€Å" ...the good and the well is thought to reside in the function...† (Darwall, 8). Man, he argues, has a function that is unique and that sets him apart from any other animal or plant. In general, the function of man has to do with his intellect or reasoning capabilities, because the ability to think, and fulfil his social and political functions. â€Å"There remains, then, an active life of the element that has a rational principle; of this, one part has such a principle in the sense of being obedient to one, the other in the sense of possessing one and exercising thought† (Darwall, 8 - 9). He implies that the ultimate good of man should be apparent when he p reforms his function well. â€Å"...and we state the function of man to be a certain kind of life, and this to be an activity or actions of the soul implying a rational principle, and the function of a good man to be the good and noble performance of these, and if any action is well performed when it is performed in accordance with the appropriate excellence: ...human good turns out to be activity of soul exhibiting excellence, and if there are more than one excellence, in accordance with the best and most complete† (Darwall, 9). A function is an activity that is reason-based, and is something that a thing is fitted to do, or used for. To find out what kind of thing a human being is, we must first know what the function of that human is.(Class notes 1/13/04). Aristotle is saying that the function of man is ultimately something that he is able to do very well, which in turn serves his community. â€Å"...since man is born for citizenship† (Darwall, 8). Choosing to...

History Women's History Museums Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

History Women's History Museums - Essay Example Consequently, museums have become forums for different voices and viewpoints to be heard.2 With this, a new space for determining what constitutes museum artifacts and displays has emerged in the late 20th century on to the 21st century where historical research, the communities which they are located and museum standards interact to give way to dynamic representations of objects, people and ideas. Nowhere has the impact of these developments originated and in turn continue to enrich and widen in scope than in the field of women's history. In taking advantage of the opportunities presented by museums to carry women's history (the Museum of Victoria for example is visited by one million people), Lisa Dale wrote that we should all be involved in how history is presented.3 Interpreting and presenting women's history however according to Dale should go beyond being an intellectual sport. Museum historians need to work hand in hand with academic historians and scholars to devise methods so as to present to the public complex historical realities. A case of such cooperation is seen in the current oral history project of the Museum and La Trobe Library where students of Women Studies will conduct interviews in South Melbourne covering the period from the 1920s to 1970.4 The application of feminist theory has largely driven the changes the way historical realities are portrayed in museums, not... Seeing history through the lens of feminism and feminist theory Treating museums as text, curator as author and visitors as readers has enabled historian Gaby Porter to critique the set-up of museums where the representation of objects in display take precedence over unraveling of historical truth. She takes off from poststructuralist theory and on to a feminist approach where the relations of women and women are analyzed in the context of museums. 5 In traditional museums, relative to men's representation which are active, highly developed, articulated - women's historical History-Women's History Museums contributions are passive, shallow, muted and undeveloped.6 When viewed from a feminist perspective, museums ought to go beyond the seeming objectivity of displays to subjective spaces of interaction between visitors and the museum space and all its underlying processes of selection and representation. The historical truth becomes less solid as meanings are never permanent and are negotiable. The scientific and the artistic disciplines tend to blend, and themes depart from strictly chronological orientation7. For example in the exhibition called Putting on the Style at the Geffrye Museum in London, the display of homes in the 1950s resonated more of the personal lives of those who lived there rather than of the people's respective social status.8 On the other hand, the Story of Hull and Its People, the permanent exhibition at Hull Museum traces history over the last two hundred years yet shows more notably the cyclical passage from birth to death of people who were relatively unknown. 9 An even more forward

Psychological Therapies and Youth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Psychological Therapies and Youth - Essay Example In this chapter, the need to actually find the right reason and the right procedure to help these young individuals survive their youth. All the different situations that they are to face must be well prepared for. Besides this, it should also be assured that the decision that they make is well guided so as to ensure their decisions would have better future results. IT could not be denied that not giving these individuals proper guidance would cause their future to stumble down. As a result many young individuals are now subjected to different therapies that are aimed to giving them the necessary assistance that they are in need of to live a better life. These therapies are rather developed to ensure that the said youngsters are given the right guidance that they need to assure that they are given the right attention so as to make them more competent and strong enough to face their lives as young adults who are getting ready for a better future ahead of them. In support to this Hanne l (2006) says that "being able to identify the fact that a young individual needs an assistance, giving them the right attention is a must, to assure that they are given a good chance to a good future" (15). ... ing the right path to youth therapy is that of preventing the roots of the situation to cause different problems in the life of the young generation later on. It could not be denied that through this particular prevention, people living around the young ones are to be subjected for involvement. It could not be denied that the therapies designed to follow this particular aim are designed to involve all the others who are supposed to help in the process of preventing the young ones from facing all the different struggles that are to be undergone if they make the different decisions in life. Besides that, the issues on youth depression are also issued an attention through these therapies. (Cappuzzi, 2008:76) In preventing the causes of youth depression, the therapies are created to make sure that the different issues faced by the young generation are given careful attention by the people that are in charged in giving the necessary assistance needed. IT could not be denied that through these therapies and assistance programs, the youths and their families are given the right knowledge and reasoning so as to make it certain that they are considerably giving each other the right support needed by each individual to face the different challenges of human living (Hannel, 2006:76). Therapists appointed to finish these responsibilities are then subjected to the challenge of identifying the different issues that certain young individuals need to face as young adults based on the different background situations that they are involved in. It could be observed then that knowing these issues are essential to the creation of the different psychological therapy approaches needed to specifically deal with certain situations that youths need to face in their journey to life. Chapter 4:

Rap To Teach English As Second Language

Rap To Teach English As Second Language Introduction Music is part of popular culture. Language teachers have been integrated music and language learning in the classroom for many years. For example, using the song Yesterday from the Beatles to teach past tense. If music and songs can help learning English as a second language, English teachers in Hong Kong should be encouraged to use rap songs as a tool to teach English as a second language in the classroom. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, rap is a style of popular music developed by New York Blacks in the 1970s in which words are spoken rhythmically and often in rhyming sentences over an instrumental backing. In the early 1770s, Clive Campbell (Kool DJ Herc), a Jamaican immigrant, introduced the sound system from reggae music (Njubi, 2001). By combining the English sound system and other African-American linguistic features, rap has become a unique voice for the African Americans. When we talk about rap songs, we must mention hip-hop culture. Hip-hop is a cultural movement originated from the Bronx (a poor gang-oriented neighborhood) in New York City during the 1970s by African American. Njubi stated that hip-hop is clearly one of the most significant youth cultures as it has influenced what young people wear, how they talk and even the way they walk. It has also received significant attention from scholars and politicians. Hip-hop has been a major literacy force for over twenty years (Morris, 2002) because it has created rap as an important music genre. English teachers around the world are trying to use rap as an educational tool to promote English (Pennycook, 2003) because of its fast spoken lyrics. However, many teachers in Hong Kong are reluctant to use rap songs in the classroom because most of them think the lyrics either violent or sexual, and some think the materials are too black or Americanized (Low, 2009). In the following, we will discuss how rap songs can be an effective language learning tool to motivate students in learning English as well as increase their awareness of cultural differences. Why do we use rap songs for language teaching and learning? Music is accessible because of the technology such as iTunes and iPod. Since 1937, using folk, classical and pop music to teach English as a second language has been documented by educators in various professional journals (Sposet, 2008). Through music, students can improve their speaking skills, learning and understanding grammar, enhance their writing skills and increase their culture awareness (Peregoy and Boyle 2008; Saricoban and Metin 2000; Iwasaki, 2009). Woodall and Zeimbroski (2002) stated that music plays an important role in language and literacy development because students can learn grammatical structure and develop natural responses and speech through songs. According to Schoepp (2000), the repetitive nature of many rap songs can help English learners to get familiar with new words and phrases as they can rhyme and sing along. Many rap songs, just like folk songs, follow a repeated verse and rhyme, and that makes them easy to follow (Saricoban and Metin, 2000). For teenagers, it is important to improve their listening and speaking skills, as well as their attention span and memory (Hilll-Clarke and Robinson 2003). Mithen (2006) stated that all individuals have a capacity to acquire language and are born with a basic instinct to appreciate music. Iwasaki (2009) also agreed that music is a powerful medium to motivate students to learn a second or foreign language. When students listen to songs and sing along, the experience is enjoyable and stress-free, it can help second language learners to acquire the language more naturally and effectively. Perry (2004) also agreed with linguist Geneva Smitherman that rap lyrics are usually humorous, ironic, punning, teachy but not preachy. If according to Abbotts (2002) theory, repetition can help build language and fluency, then rap songs can definitely help stimulate second language learning because of its repetitive format. Also, by using the chorus in the rap songs, it can help students to learn syntax and lexical items easily and apply them in their daily conversations. Using music to enhance our memory and learning Mithen summed up three similarities between music and language : MUSIC LANGUAGE lyrics words singing speaking rhythm and melody intonation and stress time Lake (2002) found out language and music are closely tied together in the brain by pitch, rhythm and syntactical phrasing. When students understand the connections, they can acquire, process and produce English naturally. Neurologists have found musical and language processing in the same area of the brain (Maess Koelsch, 2001). To illustrate the strong connection between music and learning, Strickland (2005) conducted a very interesting and valid experiment. He asked a group of students if they could remember the words in ten poems. Then, he asked how many words they could remember in ten songs. Without much surprise, there were more hands go up the second time. It clearly proved that music has played a very important and memorable role in language learning. Medina (2002) agreed that we have good memory with music because all those repetitive words and rhythm stay in our head even after the English lesson. When we add rhythm and melody into language, it will help us to transfer words into long-term memory. Medina concluded that it is impossible to acquire language without memory. Using rap to teach poems and pronunciations According to Renegade (2002), the strongest poetic influence on rap is popular poems with four bears per line, for example, Eenie meenie, mynie moe, Catch a tiger by the toe. With all those rhyming, cross-rhyming, metaphor, symbolism and simile, rap can be a preferred literacy teaching tool to teach English as a second language. Renegade noticed rap lyrics are written according to highly structured rules. There are two forms of rap lyrics: Rhyme and rap song. A rhyme is a single long stanza, often a narrative and the writer can write as many as he / she wants, whereas a rap song borrows its structure from a popular song with repeating chorus in between. Renegade also observed that rappers have been using rap as a poetic tool because it has a strong emphasis on assonance, consonance, and combinations with end rhyme. Rappers like to use simile, metaphor, invention and reinvention of words to spark off new interest in poetry. In other words, using low culture to teach high culture. In 2002 and 2004, Low worked with a creative writing teacher to develop and teach spoken word poetry curriculum. The initial curriculum was only a seven-week program but in 2004, it became a long-term course. Low concluded the success of the program as a literacy of LIVING experience because students were able to use rap as a platform to speak inside and outside the classroom. Strickland also agreed that students are natural poets, and poetry is meant to be performed. Lake observed a strong connection between intonation and music. He noticed students interested in symbols and images, and that means they are more likely to be stimulated by audio or visual. He compared words, feeling, pitch and stress with musical expression. He concluded that speech without music is like language without heart because both music and language express emotions and convey messages. Through rap songs, students can learn pronunciation, intonation, stress, accent, pitch, tone, melody, rhyme, rhythm and fluency. Students who enjoy singing, chanting, lip syncing or mouthing along can improve their pronunciation skills and practice linking and reduction when speaking English Using rap to enhance reading and writing skills To be a good rapper, one must be able to use his / her voice to write, have good memory and reinvent rhymes spontaneously. Rap music encourages teenagers to write because it reflected the writers inner speech and images in their mind. For example, in Lows spoken word poetry school project, students in the class were able to write powerful and thoughtful poetry for the first time because they were inspired by rap. A lot of students in Hong Kong hate writing because expressing themselves in a second language is already difficult, and writing in a second language is even more challenging. Students need to have a reason to write, and that reason will become their motivation. Alvermann, Hagood and Williams (2001) shared a case of a 14-year-old Grade 8 / F. 2) African American boy who scored the lowest on the districts standardized reading test. The school boy loves rap, so Williams asked him to write to him about his favorite rap artist. The boy wanted to have more factual information about his favorite rap artist. Williams agreed to help the boy with his project, and he asked the boy to e-mail him regularly and keep him informed of his findings. The boy demonstrated that he was a capable reader because he searched for specific information through different websites, and he was a capable writer because he used popular culture texts in his writing. Instead of just giving information to the school boy, Williams guided him throughout the project and made him an independent learner, and enhance both of his reading and writing skills, not to mention giving him a higher self-esteem and more self-confidence. Iwasaki (2009) stated that rap songs have natural language and it can help students to process the meaning of words under an authentic environment. In Weinsteins (2008) study, she found many teenaged students have demonstrated sophisticated understanding of literary features through rap, for example, figurative language. Rap can help students, especially the social marginalized ones to write lyrics that can reflect social, economic and racial problems. Teenagers enjoy writing lyrics for rap because it is a channel for them to prove and establish their identity, an outlet for them to express their anger and frustrations about school, community, social norms, confusion and desire. Lake suggested that students are already heavily exposed to popular culture and music of their first language, it is likely that they are going to be curious about the popular culture and music of their second or foreign language as well. The purpose of writing for teenagers should not be just classroom based, it should be included a great variety and popular culture related topics. Despite worrying about low test scores, teenagers will be more willing and eager to try because when they see the purpose, they can produce quality work and invest their time in it. Through rap songs, teachers can further illustrate and explain grammatical structures to students. Based on Schoepps observation, songs can help students to develop a natural ability to use the target language in the right situation. When students are exposed to repetitive phrases in the right context, they can remember the language and apply it automatically. Using rap to help student to communicate with the world Iwasaki noticed that while students are gaining linguistic knowledge through rap songs, they are gaining the cultural knowledge at the same time as well. The lyrics always tell us something about the history, culture, thinking and attitude of a society. As Pennycook concluded that rap is a global phenomenon involving language use. Pennycook noticed rap has always helped the spread of English globally, especially to countries where English is a foreign language, like Japan and Korea. Mitchell (2001:1-2) argued that hip-hop and rap only belong to African-American culture. In fact, it has brought youth from around the world closer. It is not about where one comes from or which social class one belongs to, but what one can do with the language. Iwasaki believes culture, like music and language, develops and changes. Therefore, popular culture is a channel for the mass to express themselves and for those who want to release pressure from the society. Allowing students to expose to both mass and popular culture will help them to develop cultural awareness of others and their own. Pennycook argues despite the lyrics in rap contains highly controversial topics and expressions, it also communicates meaning on a global scale. Rap is not just about the blacks in the U.S. but a common language shared by a lot of Asian countries like Japan, Korea and even Hong Kong. s we are all going global, our ability to communicate and knowing each others language and music will help us to understand each others customs and traditions much better and faster, thus, avoid conflicts and misunderstanding. Based on the evidence above, few would agree with Schumanns hypothesis in 1976 that the greater the social distance between two cultures, the more difficulty the learner would have in acquiring the target language. Negative impression towards rap A lot of English teachers are reluctant to incorporate rap in their class because when they think of rap, they will have all these negative images villains, gangsters, low culture, low education, guns, drugs, blood, violence, sex, materials and bling bling. They do not know how and where to find the GOOD rap songs with positive meaning. Weinstein (2006) criticized the highly sexual nature of many popular rap songs often gives damaging images of black men and women. The music videos always emphasizes on violence and drugs which also reinforce stereotypes of Blacks and Black youths where they are seen as dangerous, immoral and anti-social. However, Iwasaki argued that any music-based lesson could become a disaster without any thoughtful selection and preparation. Same for Kolozes argument, people wrote songs about drugs, life in the ghetto, rebellion and sex in popular songs since the 1950s. Iwasaki urged teachers to actually make use of those discussions to enhance students critical thinking while acquiring a second language. According to her theory, without general culture knowledge and some social and political awareness, one would find it difficult to participate in common and meaningful topics that a second or foreign language can offer. Some teachers may think some rap songs are inappropriate for classroom use, but the massive influence of rap and hip-hop music around the world has to be considered and noticed. Just like all other popular culture and media, it has its positive and negative influence. Lake also agreed that it would be a foolish if teachers do not use music to take advantage of the positive influence of music as a teaching tool. Selecting a rap with a positive message and the right attitude can enhance English learning as well as social awareness. English teachers need to realize that each rap has a message to spread out. As Music in a universal language, most raps are trying to solve race, class and religion problems that face by the youth (Njubi, 2001). For example, Where is the Love? by Black Eyed Peas. The rap is about the U.S. after the 911 tragedy and calling for U.S. army withdrawal from Iraq. The rap song was the longest-serving British No. 1 in five years and the best selling record of 2003 in the U.K. The group performed the song at the 2004 Grammy Awards, where it was nominated for The Record Of The Year (Wikipedia). This rap was so popular and moved so many people around the world because it is a social-conscious rap. It focused on upright and political awareness. Despite social and political implications, raps do give a voice to young people and inspire them. Teachers should involve their students in the selection process because when they hear something they can relate to, it will motivate them to learn. Challenges The arguments for incorporating popular culture into traditional curriculum are quite compelling and have generated a lot of noises and controversies. A lot of teachers and educators are filled with confusions and anxiety. Morrell (2002) understands teachers feeling daunting about using popular culture because of a lack of understanding. Rap has always been controversial because it is the rappers are expressing opposing views to the dominant culture. By helping students to understand the content can help them to make a meaningful connection between language and culture. Allowing students to be exposed to both mass and popular culture will allow them to think about their own cultural beliefs. School education should incorporate elements and materials from popular culture. Just like what Itoi and Inose (2008) mentioned that teachers should encourage students to think critically around their surroundings and become an independent thinkers. Students can gain insights about the songs by understanding or implying what they hear. Situations in songs are usually open to interpretation, so students can exercise their imagination and express their opinions freely. Conclusion It is the teachers ultimate goal to inspire students to develop their sills and interest in English DURING and AFTER class. Music is one way to create memorable lessons and spark curiosity beyond formal language lessons. Music is a highly relevant source of language outside the classroom. Integrating music into teenagers everyday activities promotes literacy development, particularly for English learners. It is a way for students to experience rich and complex language in a relaxing and entertaining way. A learning environment filled with music will generate interest, encourage creativity and positive learning attitude. Plato once said, Music is a moral law. It gives soul to the universe, wings to the mind, flight to the imagination, and charm and gaiety to life and to everything. Activity 1 Where is the love? by Black Eyed Peas Total class time : 60 minutes Warm up (12 mins) Use the rap song Where is the Love? (not the whole song, just the first part from Whats wrong with the world, mama? to Where is the love, the love, the love? Teacher will pre-teach and elicit some of the key words in the song. For example, addicted, trauma, terrorism, race, meditate, suffering, etc. through pictures and images Teacher play the song for the FIRST TIME, ask students to stand up every time when they hear a NEGATIVE WORD (either it is a verb, noun or adjective). For example, trauma, terrorism, discriminate, hate, killing, dying, hurt, sufferingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Task 1 (3 mins.) Play the song once (the selected part), ask students to identify the rap part and the chorus part Task 2 (5 mins.) Put students into 2 groups Ask both groups to come out to the whiteboard (2 whiteboards in the classroom) and when they listen to the words that rhyme, they have to write down on the whiteboard. For example, mama, drama and trauma/discriminate, hate, demonstrate, yeah/dying/cryingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Task 3 (5 mins.) Ask students to go to their computer Ask students to go the internet and search for the lyrics Ask students to copy and paste that file to a word document Ask students to underline all the rhyme words as they listen to it again Task 4 (5 mins.) Put students into 4 groups Play the song 2 times to the whole class Ask students to RAP along as much as possible (turn down the volume) Give each group 5 minutes to rehearse Task 5 (15 mins.) Tell students they can look at the lyrics from the computer screen and do a group rapping in front of the class The audience (other groups) have to watch and hold up their hip-hop cap afterwards if they like it. Teacher will count the number of hip-hop caps and write the result on the whiteboard and see which group is the audiences favorite No formal assessment is needed at this stage as this practice is to help the slower and quiet / shy students to build up their confidence. However, teacher will ask students randomly and see what and why they like or do not like about certain groups performance. Post class activity : A group project Time given: 10 days Teacher will spend 10 to 15 minutes explaining this group project Students need to work in a group of 4 Students need to find a controversial social or political topic in Hong Kong through the South China Morning Post or other English news media on the internet Students need to express their opinions about that topic by writing new lyrics that will fit into the rap song of their choice The rap song must be either from the U.S. or Hong Kong Students need to perform and record their NEW RAP and post it on YouTube. Students must provide a YouTube link of the original rap song with their own YouTube video A VERY useful Reference for students : http://blog.mtviggy.com/2010/03/24/top-10-canto-hip-hop-and-rap-songs/ Students need to vote for their favorite GROUP, favorite LYRICS, favorite RAP performance through the school intranet Activity 2 An Interview with your favorite rapper Lead in / Warm up Ask students if they know any local rapper Ask students who is (are) their favorite(s) Stage 1 Ask students to work in pairs (provided they like the same rapper) or individually to draft an e-mail to rappers like MC Jin, Famers, LMF, 24 Herbs, and invite them for an interview which will be conducted by the students Ask students to go online and look for more information about their favorite rapper Ask students to produce the first draft Stage 2 Ask students to produce the second draft based on the teachers advice and comments through e-mail Ask students to work in a group of 3s and prepare a list of questions as an attachment with their e-mail to IMPRESS the rappers so they WILL BE MORE EAGER to say yes to the interview Stage 3 Ask students to produce the FINAL draft Ask students to search from the internet and find out the management company or the record company of the artist that they would like to interview Ask students to send their request to those rappers Facebook accounts and blogs as well Students must send their e-mail through the teachers school e-mail account the teacher needs to have direct control of what goes out and comes in Stage 4 Peer assessment Teacher will ask students to vote and pick the 10 BEST interviewing questions through the school intranet Assessment for activity 1 (post class activity) The group project Peer assessment Instruction : Just put a Æ’Â ¼ in the box for the comment that you agree Questions What do you think, (name of the audience) ? Did you like our topic? Yes, its a hot topic and I can relate to it! Its a typical one! Sorryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦it doesnt interest me at all! Did our new lyrics get your attention? Did we bring out a clear message? Yes, very interesting and I wanted to know more! Not really! Sorry but I dont understand what you guys were trying to say! Whats the message? Did we write our new lyrics with the correct grammar? Yes! I think so! May be a few mistakes! Full of grammatical mistakes! Did we have the right pronunciation? Yes! Most of them! No! Was our rap clear and easy to follow? Yes! Most of them! No! Did our new lyrics rhyme with the tune? Yes! Absolutely! Most of them! No! Not at all!!! Did we rap with the right beat? Yes, I wanted to rap along with you guys too! You guys were off a little but it was still alright! Sorry! You guys couldnt catch the beat at all! Did we rap loud and clear enough? Yes! I couldnt hear some of them. Sorry, you guys were just mumbling! Teacher assessment Group members : ______________________________________________ 5=Totally agree 4=Agree 3=Average 2=Disagree 1=Totally disagree 1. An interesting topic which everybody in Hong Kong can relate to. 2. The contents of the rap showed your group had a good understanding of the topic. 3. The organization of the rap was clear and easy to follow. 4. The lyrics were expressive and creative. 5. The lyrics were well written. 6. The lyrics and tune went well together. 7. Your group had good pronunciation when rapping. 8. Your group used correct grammar when writing the lyrics. 9. All of you were very fluent and smooth with your rap. 10. It was a very enjoyable performance. TOTAL SCORE Assessment for activity 2 Writing an e-mail to your favorite rapper Teacher assessment Name of student : ______________________________________________ 5=Totally agree 4=Agree 3=Average 2=Disagree 1=Totally disagree 1. Your e-mail had an appropriate and easy to understand subject. 2. Your e-mail had greeting, introduction, body and closure. 3. The organization of your e-mail was clear and easy to follow. 4. You made your request clear and precise. 5. Your e-mail showed the importance of this matter. 6. Your e-mail supported with good reasons and it can persuade the reader to act according to your request 7. The spelling, punctuation and grammar of your e-mail were accurate. 8. Your e-mail was polite and sincere. 9. Your e-mail content fulfilled all the requirements stated. TOTAL SCORE Lyrics Where is the love? by Black Eyed Peas Whats wrong with the world, mama People livin like they aint got no mamas I think the whole world addicted to the drama Only attracted to things thatll bring you trauma Overseas, yeah, we try to stop terrorism But we still got terrorists here livin In the USA, the big CIA The Bloods and The Crips and the KKK But if you only have love for your own race Then you only leave space to discriminate And to discriminate only generates hate And when you hate then youre bound to get irate, yeah Madness is what you demonstrate And thats exactly how anger works and operates Man, you gotta have love just to set it straight Take control of your mind and meditate Let your soul gravitate to the love, yall, yall People killin, people dyin Children hurt and you hear them cryin Can you practice what you preach And would you turn the other cheek Father, Father, Father help us Send some guidance from above Cause people got me, got me questionin Where is the love (Love) Where is the love (The love) Where is the love (The love) Where is the love The love, the love

Pretty Little Liars Essay

Are Pretty Little Liars good at keeping their dirty secretes? Pretty Little Liars a favorite ABC Family series is built around five teenage friends, until one goes missing and is found dead. It has a strong hint of supernatural force that mean no good. It makes most popular vampire romances look anemic. Because of a popular series of HarperTeen books by Sara Shepard, Pretty Little Liars follows the nervous lives of four girls in Rosewood, Pa. It’s a small town and these girls seem to have it all and that sets it up for an even better drama, when we start to see they also have secrets. The season premier starts with the disappearance and apparent death of the fifth girl in the circle, Alison DiLorentis. If the PLL series were traditional, Alison, Sasha Pieterse would have been the sweetest girl in school and no one could imagine anyone wanting to hurt her. If that’s what you’re expecting here, you’re wrong. Alison was a bitchy gossiper, backstabber and cruel practical joker. In any case, they were all together the night she disappeared and we join the story a year later, when free spirit Aria, Lucy Hale, nerdySpencer,TroianBellisario, crazy Hanna, Ashley Benson and jock Emily Shay Mitchell have drifted apart. Drug and alcohol use, foul language, scanty clothing, sexual innuendo and some passioate make-out scenes and homosexuality all make Pretty Little Liars a series that keeps viewers on their feet. Every episode leaves you with a cliffhanger. They run into each other in random chance encounters, however, that suggest each is harboring dark secrets, some related to Alison and some not. Since they apparently weren’t into deep sharing when they were all best friends then, they aren’t spilling now. Except they have two problems. A local cop is determined to find out what happened to Alison. Second, the girls all start getting mysterious messages that suggest some supernatural force knows all the secrets and could and sometimes do expose them to the public. Could the messages be coming from Alison? But isn’t that impossible? What kind of phone network lets you keep texting when you’re dead? I’d say that’s beyond 4g. It’s one thing to talk with your friends about lacrosse practice or the hot guy in the French class. It’s something else when you’re trying to figure out what happened to your disappeared friend, and how disappeared she really is. â€Å"Pretty Little Liars† is good at making us care about the girl’s lives. It keeps us thinking each week as to what might happen the next.

Reason for Seeking a College Degree

The purpose of this essay is to discuss why I chose to seek a college degree, my learning style as discovered by the results of questionnaires, and the fact that I feel the results are accurate for me personally. Everyone has their own individual reasons for pursuing a college degree. For me, it is the desire to become a state Game Warden after retiring from the military. Being a state Game Warden requires that I have a degree in the biological or wildlife sciences. In a profession like this, it is important that one has a clear and concise understanding of wildlife biology at a collegiate level.To be a viable candidate in this profession, a college degree is necessary to present myself as a competitive individual for the job I am seeking to fill. Whether or not I have on the job training or experience, the college degree will show that I have the knowledge base to help me succeed as a warden. The end goal in my pursuit of a college degree is to not only broaden my scope of knowledge and skills, but to unlock career aspirations that would otherwise be unattainable for me without a degree. But before I put the cart before the horse, graduating with degree in hand requires I truly know myself inside and out.Basically I need to understand what my personal learning style is. Learning styles are not exactly chosen, they are natural and inherent to each learner. According to Felder & Soloman (n. d. ) there are several different learning styles: Active, Reflective, Visual, Auditory, Tactile, Sensing, Intuitive, Verbal, Sequential and Global. To find out what kind of learner you are, a simple questionnaire or quiz can be taken to narrow these options down. In taking Felder & Soloman’s Index of Learning Styles Questionnaire (n. d. and the Learning Style Inventory (Penn State, 2010) questionnaire, I have discovered that I am an active learner and a visual learner. An active learner is one who gravitates toward interpreting, comprehending, and retaining information in a â€Å"hands on† or active fashion. In other words they discuss or apply and explain the information to others (Felder & Soloman, n. d. ). The degree program I am enrolled in is online; which presents me with challenges and difficulties in using the active learning style that I normally rely upon.An alternative to active learning for me is visual, which will serve me well because online course material is something I can see to interpret and retain. Visual learners are those who absorb and maintain information efficiently through methods such as charts, diagrams, pictures, films or demonstrations (Felder & Soloman, n. d. ). Suggestions for success as a visual learner include writing out ideas and information for memorization and fully utilizing all course materials, whether they are maps, flashcards, charts or filmstrips (Penn State, 2010).I am someone who always reads the directions prior to completing any task, therefore this fits me perfectly. I fully agree with the r esults of these questionnaires. I am a mechanic- someone who works day in and day out with my hands. The things I am trying to accomplish or figure out require me to read texts, diagrams and pictures and solve the problem using these resources. I also discuss and apply the information found with those who are masters of the mechanic profession. My reasons for seeking a college degree are simple.I need to hold at minimum at Bachelor’s in the wildlife or biological sciences to reach my goal of being a state Game Warden after retirement from the military. To be successful in this means that I understand I am a visual and active learner, as realized after taking the learning styles questionnaires. References Felder, R. M. , & Soloman, B. A. (n. d. ). Index of learning styles. Retrieved from http://www. engr. ncsu. edu/learningstyles/ilsweb. html Penn State. (2010). Learning style inventory. Retrieved from http://www. personal. psu. edu/bxb11/LSI/LSI/htm

Fun Facts About Sesame Streets History

The Conflict Of Mr. Donaldson - 911 Words

1. The first conflict is existed between Mr. Waterhouse and Mr. Donaldson. The reason of the conflict is connected with different type of decision making between these two people. Another reason is connected with Donaldson’s attitude on working. It looks like that Donaldson is a selfish person who always does anything according to his personal point of view. talking about the type of conflict, it is avoidance: Mr. Waterhouse observes all the annoying things that performed by Mr. Donaldson, but he did not react actively on it. Being on doubts regarding the future of Mr. Donaldson, he represents an example of a justification type of account-giving response on a conflict: he does not know what to do and finds justifications for his position Another conflict is observed among Mr. Donaldson and Bettina Scheri, a woman, who organizes his programs, and is a manager of Mr. Donaldson. A man seems to be very familiar and unthankful here, and the conflict tends to look as competition, at least from Mr. Donaldson’s point of view. talking about the types of account-giving responses, it looks like that Mr. Donaldson is on the way of ideological account, he does not want to cope with the problem. Probably, he thinks that he is better than his manager. 2. talking about the motivators that drive two main people in the study, Mr. Waterhouse and Mr. Donaldson, it is essential to show that both are related on Maslow hierarchy of needs. Also both people are focusing on self-actualization, butShow MoreRelatedEthical Decision Making A Good Corporate Social Responsibility938 Words   |  4 Pagesfor family and worship (Green, n.d.). Critics say that believers and employees may be happy with the policy, but the store is losing business to competitors who remain open on Sundays and for longer hours. 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An Analytical Look At The Proposed Death Of God - 1649 Words

Paige Medlin Mrs. Powell English 1020 20 April 2015 An Analytical Look at the Proposed Death of God As of 2013, fifty-four percent of Americans still had a belief in God, although in some other minorities, that number was larger (Gallup). Despite this, there was a time when some of the greatest minds of the time felt as if God had no modern purpose in human’s lives. One such example of this was that of Friedrich Nietzsche, who went down in history as the man who declared God â€Å"dead†. Though this might seem like a hypothetical call to atheism, he was instead showing how the people of the world had come to outgrow a need for God with the coming of the renaissance (Lawhead 454). However, the contradictions found within Nietzsche’s argument†¦show more content†¦He hypothesized that this gradual turning away from God would be such a gradual process that people would not realize that it was even happening until the idea had almost been exterminated (Frame 45). Nietzsche then proposed that there are no absol utes or standards for us to live by and therefore, God could not be real since he would have created those very standards into being (Lawhead 454).Because of this, Nietzsche said, people would never be able to take full responsibility for themselves and still leave room for God (Frame 49). Instead, he favored the idea that the true origin of morals could be found in the human flaw to desire a state of being viewed as powerful (Lawhead 456). Although he denied God’s existed and felt that morals came from a thirst for power, Nietzsche was quoted as saying that Jesus came â€Å"not to ‘redeem men’ but to show how one must live (Lawhead 455).† While Nietzsche contends that there is no way to take liability for human actions until the shed themselves of God, it could be reasonably argued that Christianity is, in and of itself, a way of taking on the responsibility for their actions. In today’s society, Christianity is the harder life to live - anyone can do what they want; people do not need justification for what they do and often view good and bad as the difference between what benefits them and

Accounting Developments in Poland free essay sample

The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometers (120,726 sq mi), making it the 69th largest country in the world and 9th in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 33rd most populous country in the world. WBO, 2010) Historical Background A national accounting chart for Poland did not exist before the 1930s although an accountants’ Association was already established in the year 1907. However, there has been evolution on the Poland’s accounting system over the decades. This is largely due to the reason that they have long undergone a major change in their historical background. The effects of World War II had far-reaching implications for most of the world and Poland is not an exception.The history hit Poland on 1 September 1939 when the World War II entered Poland and this has made begins of an era of Communist rule for Poland. The period up to Second World War was strongly influenced by the German system at that time. We will write a custom essay sample on Accounting Developments in Poland or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And the rules of the uniform German General Plan of accounts were in force. This system was, however, changed after the Russian occupation and a centrally planned economy was introduced. Since 1989 when Poland moved away from Russian dominance, the accounting system was also changed.This change was undertaken gradually because already at this stage it was recognized that the process of change and the guiding principle of legislation would stretch over a considerable time span needing numerous changes, corrections and adaptations. (McGee, 2008) Poland under the socialist ruling (1942-1989) The exposure of Poland to German, Russian and Western European accounting practices was caused by the breakout of the World War II and successive events in circumstances far from being called facile.In early of the 40s, Russia exerted major influence due to its self establishment within the Polish boarders and the German Reich’s mandatory accounts schedule was required in the other half of the country. A brief independence period of 1944 to 1945 was a time when individually drawn accounts by accountants employed in business entities were developed and utilized. However, the story from the year 1946 to 1956 is that, of strict legal regulation of accounting principles and methods. Yet again, when the times are tough the Polish spirit looks for areas that can be exploited.Major contributors to accounting of that period and great thinkers ahead of their time were Stanislaw Skrzywan, Tadeusz Peche and Jozef Skowronski. S krzywan as early in the year 1947 prepared the most comprehensive definition of registry based accounting. Starting from the year 1946, Uniform Plans of Accounts (UPA) were introduced as the methods to deal with accounting. The first UPA which is based on German solutions was obligatory for state-owned industrial and trade enterprises and used as a model in development of Plans of Accounts for new enterprises created in remaining sectors of economy.However, because of its shortcomings of â€Å"excessive flexibility† in defining the economic content of accounts, it has been considered as a failure in satisfying the uniformity needs of socialist economy. As a result, in the year 1950, Poland developed its very own UPA which the solutions enacted are said to be very advanced. This is due to the fact that they allowed for the preparation of various national income balances for macroeconomic purposes, and constituted a basis for central planning methodology.However, it was again deemed unable to be exercised in a way to cater for the transitory requirements into a centrally planned sys tem from a free-market and thus lead to a replacement by Soviet Framework Plans of Accounts in the year 1951. This resulted in significant changes in the principles of construction of Accounting Plans. In the year 1956, the socialist-communist ruling in Poland was lessened and it has created certain level of autonomy for state-owned enterprises and enabled the management and other personnel to participate in profit distribution. Consequently, Institute of Audit Experts was established in 1957.The appointed State Authorised Accountants (SAA) was to serve the purpose to verify the accounts of state owned enterprises with a view to ascertain appropriation of profits and also the achievement of the centrally planned targets. Three years later the longest UPA in operation (1960 -1975) was implemented based upon the previous Uniform Plans of Accounts, Branch Accounting Plans and Enterprise Accounting Plans 15. This change has allowed firms to devise accounting systems to meet their individual needs. The last Uniform Plan of Accounts was enacted in the year 1976.This gives strong grounds to believe that the accounting body, in a system based on rigid law regulations was still capable of developing a broader perspective, professional view and ability to use professional judgment. It is visible that under socialist ruling management accounting was the main area of growth since ‘nominal profitability’ and improvement of internal ‘efficiency’ were the main objectives of the practitioners. No specific or detailed rules were provided for cultural and historical events and the nature of codified law affect IFRS adoption, acceptance and operation in Poland.Therefore, despite being thought of as one of the close to ‘zero base’ countries, Polish accounting once again proves an outlier to the rule. Even so, the effort to regain independence has once again forced a shift in accounting practice. (Moczarska, 2009) Independence years leading to EU accession (1989 – 2004) After the year 1989, the Polish Ministry of Finance developed a framework for regulating the accounting system. In this process, the Ministry revived the commercial code of 1934 as the framework developed by the plan economy was useless in the new situation.Be cause of lack of professionals the state acquired a dominant position in defining the process to reform the new system. The Ministry used the accounting system that was previously seen as an instrument of administrative control over state enterprises to become a tool for control and monitoring of privatization process. Subsequently, the Polish legal accounting document of greatest authority, the Commercial Code, 1934 remained during socialist times and was re-enacted in 1989 with minor changes and as such remained in force until superseded in 2000 by the Commercial Company Code.Alongside the Code, the decrees of Minister of Finance were regulating the accountancy in Poland between 1991 and 1994, when in 1994 the Act on Accounting was introduced. On the 15 January 1991 the Decree on the Principles of Accounting was issued as the first official document directing the now free-market economy of Poland. It was based on delegations derived from Act on Financial Management of State Enterprises (January 1989), Cooperative Law (December 1982), Act on Tax Obligations (December 1980) and Budgetary Law of Janua ry 1991. The cultural shift and arket pressures prompted birth of the first truly comprehensive regulation of the independent Poland which is the Act on Accounting, 1994 (CPAA). This document was noticeably modeled on the 4th Directive (Formats and Rules of Accounting), 7th (Consolidated Accounting), and 8th (Qualifications and work of Auditors) EU Directives. As it is visible the concepts and notions included in the Accounting Act also relate to the last issued decree of 1983. Therefore, for accounting 1994, it determined the Western oriented direction in line with socio-political movement with simultaneous.The next important regulation is the Decree of Minister of Finance of August 1995 which resolved amongst other the issue of auditing the budgetary sector. Noticeably, solutions unique to Poland, feeding from West, East and within were developed. Very important requirements of this act, were recognition of only ‘acquired goodwill’ and use of ‘purchase method’ only when accounting for mergers and acquisitions. In these respect it can be noted that the solutions offered in IAS 38 IFRS 3 Business Combination.Additionally Poland already then was strongly recommending the cost method, which the current IAS 40 requires, even though the solutions at the time (ED 40) were recommending the equity method for long term i nvestments measurement. Moreover already then, not in line with either EU 4th Directive or IAS 7 at the time, Poland was one of the few in Eastern Europe countries requiring the Cash Flow statement presentation, which now is a requirement as in IAS 1 and IAS 7. The changes it introduced touch on 27 areas and are said to generally focus on two stands.The last document introduced was the Accounting Act 2000 (NPAA) which was in force from January 2002 onwards. This Act bought changes on 27 areas and are said to generally focus on two stands. In short, entrance to the EU has pushed Poland to introduce an accounting system in line with the accounting systems used in the EU. These accounting systems provide a key instrument which is harmonization of the financial reporting systems with the European Directives and with the International IAS. (Moczarska, 2009) IFRS adoption (2005 to present)In the year 2005, the compulsory introduction of IFRS for all listed companies is arguably the most crucial and important st eps that affects the accounting in Poland. As a candidate of EU in 2004, Poland is forced a shift in accounting practices for public listed companies into the use of EU approved by IAS and IFRS. ? Summary of the governmental acts regulating accounting in Poland from 1934 to 2000 Culture and Classification In accounting, the importance of culture and its historical roots is now increasingly being recognized.In multiple studies, it has been proven that culture is crucial in all aspects of information sharing and underlies ethical and decision making issues. (Finch, 2010) Culture may be defined as ‘the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one human group from another’. Each human group shares its own societal norms, consisting of common characteristics, such as a value system which is adopted by the majority of constituents. Values are defined by Hofstede (1980, p. 19) as ‘a broad tendency to prefer certain states of affairs over others’. It is these definitions that have been widely adopted in accounting research to develop a cultural framework to investigate international accounting differences. Hofstede’s work on culture represents the most extensive research on national cultural differences to date. From attitude surveys collected from approximately 116,000 IBM employees across 39 countries, Hofstede identified four underlying value dimensions along which each country can be positioned. These societal values include individualism versus collectivism, large versus small power distance, strong versus weak uncertainly avoidance, and masculinity versus femininity.Across these dimensions, Hofstede’s framework provides quantitative measures for each of the sample countries. This broad sample of quantitative data has attracted many researchers studying cross-cultural differences because the measures are seen as reliable for use as independent variables in statistical analysis. Some of these empirical studie s will be examined later in this paper. Hofstede indicated that Poland respondents score high in power distance and uncertainty avoidance, average in individualism, and are moderately above average in masculinity. Finch, 2010) From the literature and practice, Gray (1988) identified four accounting value dimensions that can be used to define a country’s accounting (sub)culture namely professionalism versus statutory control, uniformity versus conformity, conservatism versus optimism, and secrecy versus transparency. The first two dimensions relate to authority and enforcement of accounting practice at a country level whereas the second two relate to the measurement and disclosure of accounting information at a country level.According to Gray (1988), the culture framework considers Poland to have a high degree of uniformity and low degree of professionalism in context of authority and enforcement. This would indicate that the Poland prefers uniform accounting standards. Also, Gray (1988) indentified Poland as a coun ting secrecy and conservatism in the context of measurement of disclosure. This indicates that the accounting practice in Poland require low levels of disclosure in financial statement and take more on conservatism in terms of valuation adapting to the changing business environment through the use of professional judgment. Finch, 2010) Gray (1988) extends Hofstede’s model by overlaying accounting values and systems and their links to societal values and institutional norms. Gray posits that accountants’ value systems are related to and derived from the unique societal values in each country. Essentially, accounting values, in turn, affect accounting systems, therefore cultural factors directly influence the development of accounting and financial reporting systems at a country level.Gray introduced four propositions that hypothesis relationships between Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and his accounting value dimensions. Gray argues that shared cultural values within a country lead to shared accounting values, which in turn influences the nature of a nation’s accounting system. However, Gray never conducted the hypothesis or empirical tests to support his framework. Since there is no hypothesis done to support his framework, other accounting researchers have been carrying ou t studies to prove the validity of his framework. Thus, the greater international convergence of financial reporting was achieved. Also, since Poland’s accession to the EU, investors’ interest and confidence in doing business in Poland has significantly increased. As such, Poland may probably attract more multinational companies to invest in their countries. This is because the multinational companies can enjoy benefits of getting cheaper resources and lesser restrictive barriers to trade yet able to gain profitable return. In short, the accounting practices in Poland play a vital role in determining the development of their own accounting systems.